Article Sidebar

Download
PDF

Main Article Content

Abstract

The correlations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels with biochemical markers of liver and kidney damage in Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection were studied in rats. Forty adult male rats divided into 2 groups of control and infected were used. Infected rats were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1.0 ml of blood at concentration of 1 x 106 trypanosomes per ml. Serum and tissue samples were collected on days 0, 3, 5 and 7 post-infection (pi) for biochemical analyses. Serum GPx activity had a significant (p < 0.05) positive correlations with liver (r = 0.96) and kidney GSH (r = 0.93) levels. All the measured serum parameters had significant (p < 0.05) negative correlations with serum GPx activity. In conclusion infection of rats with T. brucei brucei caused a decrease in the serum GPx activities and organ GSH levels with increasing parasitaemia and duration of the infection.

Keywords

Trypanosoma brucei brucei; Oxidative stress; Glutathione peroxidase; Glutathione; Liver and kidney function

Article Details

Author Biographies

J. P. Erin, Department of Veterinary Pathology Ahmadu Bello University Zaria

Department of Veterinary Pathology

S. Y. Idris, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria

Lecturer II Department of Veterinary Pathology ABU Zaria, Nigeria

B. J. Kolawole, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State.

Department of Veterinary Medicine

O. G. Fanaiye, Dept of Theriogenology and Production, ABU Zaria.

Dept of Theriogenology and Production

S. Adamu, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria

Department of Veterinary Pathology

K. A. N. Esievo, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria

Veterinary Pathology

How to Cite
Correlations of Reduced Glutathione and Glutathione Peroxidase Activities with Biochemical Markers of Liver and Kidney Damage in Trypanosoma brucei brucei Infected Rats. (2020). Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 17(2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.54058/saheljvs.v17i2.95
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

How to Cite

Correlations of Reduced Glutathione and Glutathione Peroxidase Activities with Biochemical Markers of Liver and Kidney Damage in Trypanosoma brucei brucei Infected Rats. (2020). Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 17(2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.54058/saheljvs.v17i2.95

References

  1. Adamu, S., Barde, N., Abenga, J. N., Useh, N. M., Ibrahim, N. D. G. and Esievo, K. A. N. (2009). Experimental Trypanosoma brucei infection – induced changes in the serum profiles of lipids and cholesterol and the clinical implications in pigs. J. Cell Anim. Biol., 3: 015-020.
  2. Ahmed, Y., Hagos, A., Merga, B., Van Soom, A., Duchateau, L. and Goddeeris, B. (2018). Trypanosoma equiperdum in the horse - a neglected threat? Vlaams Diergeneeskd Tijdschr. 87: 66 – 75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21825/vdt.v87i2.16083
  3. Akanji, M. A., Adeyemi, O. S., Oguntoye, S. O. and Suleiman, F. (2009).Psidium guavaja extract reduses trypanosomiasis associated lipid peroxdation and raised glutathione concentrations in infected animals. EXCLI Journal, 8: 148 - 154.
  4. Anosa, V. O. (1988). Haematological and biochemical changes in human and animal trypanosomiasis. Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop.,41(2): 151-164. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19182/remvt.8716
  5. Ayla, O. and Metin, O. (2015). Biochemistry of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Faculty of veterinary medicine, University of Kafkas, Turkey, Croatia, InTech, Pp 37-58.
  6. Baydas, G., Canatan, H. and Turkoglu, A. (2002). Comparative analysis of the protective effects of melatonin and vitamin E on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. J. Pineal Res., 32: 225-230. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-079X.2002.01856.x
  7. Bouayed, J. and Bohn, T. (2010). Exogenous antioxidants—double-edged swords in cellular redox state: health beneficial effects at physiologic doses versus deleterious effects at high doses. Oxid. Med. Cell Longev., 3(4): 228-237. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4161/oxim.3.4.12858
  8. Cooper, A. J. L., Pinto, J. T. and Callery, P. S. (2011). Reversible and irreversible protein glutathionylation: biological and clinical aspects. Exp. Opinion Drg. Metabol. Toxicol, 7(7); 891 – 910 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1517/17425255.2011.577738
  9. Duan, S. and Chen, C. (2007). S-nitrosylation/denitrosylation and apoptosis of immune cells. Cell Mol. Immunol., 4(5); 353 – 358.
  10. Duarte, J., Galisteo, M., Ocete, M. A., Pérez-Vizcaino, F., Zarzuelo, A. and Tamargo, J. (2001). Effects of chronic quercetin treatment on hepatic oxidative status of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mol. Cell. Biochem., 221: 155-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010956928584
  11. Ekanem, J. T. and Yusuf, O. K. (2008). Some biochemical and haematological effects of black seed (Nigella sativa) oil on T. brucei-infected rats. Afr. J. Biomed. Res., 11:79–85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ajbr.v11i1.50671
  12. Fawcett, J. K. and Scott, J. E., (1960). A rapid and precise method for the determination of urea. J. Clin. Pathol., 13: 156-159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.13.2.156
  13. Fossati, P., Prencipe, L., Berti, G. (1983). Enzymatic creatinine assay: a new colorimetric method based on hydrogen peroxide measurement. Clin. Chem., 29: 1494-1496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/29.8.1494
  14. Gutteridge. J. M. C. (1995). Lipid peroxidation and antioxidants as biomarkers of tissue damage. Clin. Chem., 41: 1819 - 1828. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/41.12.1819
  15. Herbert, W. J. and Lumsden, W. H. R. (1976). Trypanosoma brucei: a rapid “matching” method for estimating the host's parasitemia. Exp. Parasitol., 40(3): 427-431. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4894(76)90110-7
  16. Igbokwe, I. O. (1994): Mechanism of cellular injury in African trypanosomiasis. Vet. Bulletin, 64: 611-620.
  17. Igbokwe, I. O., Umar, I. A., Omage, J. J., Ibrahim, N. D. G., Kadima, K. B., Obagaiye, O. K., Saror, D. I. and Esievo, K. A. N. (1996). Effect of acute Trypanosoma vivax infection on cattle erythrocyte glutathione and susceptibility to in vitro peroxidation. Vet. Parasitol., 63: 215-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(95)00887-X
  18. Jones, T. C., Hunt, R. D. and King, N. W. (2000). Moléstias causadas por protozoários. In: Jones TC, Hunt RD, King NW, editors. Patologia veterinária. 6th ed. São Paulo: Manole, pp. 559 - 610.
  19. Jones, D. P. Park, Y. and Gletsu-Miller, N. (2011). Dietary sulfur amino acid effects on fasting plasma cysteine/cystine redox potential in humans. Nutrition, 27(2); 199 – 205. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2010.01.014
  20. Klein, B., Read, P. A., Babson, L. A. (1960). Phenolphthalein monosubstrate method for the evaluation of serum levels of alkaline phosphatase. Clin. Chem., 6: 269-275. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/6.3.269
  21. Kobo P. I., Ayo, J. O., Aluwong, T., Zezi, A. U., Maikai, V. A. (2014). Haematological changes in Trypanosoma brucei brucei Infected Wistar Rats Treated with a Flavonoid Mixture and/or Diminazene aceturate. Biol. Med.,6: 213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369.1000213
  22. Lee, J., Koo, N. and Min, D. B. (2004). Reactive oxygen species, aging, and antioxidative nutraceuticals. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. F., 3: 21-33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2004.tb00058.x
  23. Murray, R. K., Granner, D. K., Mayes, P. A. and Rodwell, V. W. (2003). Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry a Lange Medical Book, 26th ed. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., United States of America. pp. 622 - 701.
  24. Nantulya, V. M. (1990). Trypanosomiasis in domestic animals: the problems of diagnosis. Rev. Sci. Tech., 9: 357-367. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.9.2.507
  25. Ogunsanmi, A. O. and Taiwo, V. O. (2007). Pathobiochemical mechanism involved in the control of the disease caused by Trypanosoma congolense in African grey duiker (Sylvicapra grimmia). Vet. Parasitol. 96: 51 – 63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4017(00)00410-6
  26. Omer, O. H., Mousa, H. M. and Al-Wabel, N. (2007). Study on the antioxidant status of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Vet. Parasitol.,145: 142-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.11.007
  27. Radostis, O. M., Gay, C. C., Blood, D. C. and Hinchcliff, K. W. (2003). Diseases of Cattle, Sheep, Pig, Goats and Horses (9thed Britain) pp. 1330-1334.
  28. Reitman, S. and Frankel, S. (1957). A colorimetric method for determination of serum glutamic oxaloacetic acid and glutamic pyruvate transaminases. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 28: 56-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/28.1.56
  29. Saleh, M. A, Bassam, M. A. and Sanousi, S. A. (2009). Oxidative stress in blood of camels (Camelus dromedaries) naturally infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Vet. Parasitol., 162: 192-199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.03.035
  30. Szkudeslski T. (2001). The Mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin action in B cells of the rat pancreas. Physiol. Res., 50: 536-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33549/physiolres.930111
  31. Toppo, S., Flohé, L., Ursini, F., Vanin, S. and Maiorino, M. (2009). Catalytic mechanisms and specificities of glutathione peroxidases: variations of a basic scheme. Biochimica Biophysica Acta, 1790(11); 1486 – 1500. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.04.007
  32. Umar, I. A., Toh, Z. A., Igbalajobi, F. I., Igbokwe, I. O. and Gidado, A. (1999). The effect of orally administered vitamins C and E on severity of anaemia in T. brucei infected rats. Trop. Vet., 18: 71-77.
  33. Umar, I. A., Ogenyi, E., Okodaso, D., Kimeng, E., Stancheva, G. I., Omage, J. J., Isah S. and Ibrahim, M. A. (2007). Amelioration of anaemia and organ damage by combined intraperitoneal administration of vitamins A and C to Trypanosoma brucei brucei-infected rats. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 6: 2083-2086. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2007.000-2322
  34. Vivancos, P. D., Wolff, T., Markovic, J., Pallardó, F. V. and Foyer, C. H. (2010). A nuclear glutathione cycle within the cell cycle. Biochemic J., 431(2); 169 – 178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20100409
  35. Woo, P. T. (1969). The haematocrit centrifuge for the detection of trypanosomes in blood. Can. J. Zool., 47(5): 921-923. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/z69-150
  36. Yusuf, A. B, Umar, I.A, Musa U. B. M. and Nok, A. J. (2012). Screening of Vernonia amygdalina and Hymenocardia acida extracts and 1-3-diaminopropane for antitrypanosomal activity: in vitro model. J. Med. Plant. Res., 6(19): 3573-3578. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR12.224

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.