Main Article Content

Abstract

Reproductive morphometry of Clarias gariepinus (C. gariepinus) is essential in distinguishing different species that are closely related to it and adequate information is required regarding the seasonal variation of milt characteristic of wild species. This study was designed to document the reproductive tract morphometric dimensions and milt characteristics of wild C. gariepinus during spawning and non-spawning seasons in Lake Alau, Maiduguri, Nigeria. Sixty male brood stocks were used comprising thirty each for spawning and non-spawning seasons. The reproductive tracts were removed and their dimensions measured. The milt samples were collected, pooled and evaluated. Results of the study showed that the body weight, sperm concentration and testicular indices differed significantly (p˂0.05) between the two seasons of evaluation. In addition, a positive correlation (p˂ 0.05) between body weight of fish and milt volume (r = 0.656 and r = 0.646) was also observed in both seasons. It was concluded that the left testis of C. gariepinus is heavier, longer and thicker than the right. Nonetheless, the C. gariepinus had larger body weights and higher spermatozoa concentration in spawning season than in non-spawning season; those with larger body weights had higher volume of milt than those with lower body weights.

Keywords

Clarias gariepinus; Lake Alau; Morphometry; Milt; Non-spawning; Spawning

Article Details

Author Biography

R. I. Ali, Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri

Dr. Rahmatu I. Ali is the corresponding author of this manuscript and an academic staff (Lecturer II) in the Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri

How to Cite
Reproductive Tract Morphometry and Evaluation of Fresh Wild African ‎Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Milt from Lake Alau, Maiduguri, Nigeria‎. (2022). Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 19(3), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.54058/saheljvs.v19i3.312

How to Cite

Reproductive Tract Morphometry and Evaluation of Fresh Wild African ‎Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Milt from Lake Alau, Maiduguri, Nigeria‎. (2022). Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 19(3), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.54058/saheljvs.v19i3.312

References

  1. Adeyemo, O. K., Adeyemo, O. A., Oyeyemi, M. O. and ‎Agbede. S. A. (2007). Effect of semen extenders on ‎the motility and viability of stored African catfish ‎‎(Clarias gariepinus) spermatozoa. Journal of ‎Applied Science and Environmental Management ‎‎11:13-16.http://www.bioline.org.br/ja
  2. Azlina, K. N., Khadijah, W. E. W. and Abdullah. R. B. (2011). ‎The effect of body weight on fresh sperm ‎measurement chaacteristics in African catfish ‎‎(Clarias gariepinus). Journal of Animal and ‎Veterinary Advances 10:2215-‎‎2220.http://www.medwelljournals.com
  3. Azlina, K. N., Khadijah, W. E. W. and Abdullah. R. B. (2012). ‎Frozen-thawed sperm motility characteristics of ‎African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) by using ‎glycerol or DMSO based extenders. International ‎Journal of Environmental Science and ‎Development, 3:49-55.http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu
  4. Ben, A. H. (2003). Aquaculture in the tropics; Theory and ‎Practice. Lantern printers, Australia. Page 240.‎
  5. Billard, R. (1986). Spermatogenesis and spermatology of ‎some teleost fish species. Reproduction and ‎Nutritional Development 26:877-‎‎920.http://hal.archives.fr/hal-00898500‎
  6. Brar, R. S., Sandhu,H. S. and Singh, A. (2000). Semen ‎analyses. In Veterinary clinical diagnosis by ‎laboratory methods. 1st edition edition. Kalyani ‎publishers, New Delhi, India. Page168–173.‎
  7. Bruton, M. N. and Smith. J. L. B. (1988). Systematic and ‎biology of the clarrid catfish. in T. Hecht, W. Uys, ‎and P. J. Britz, editors. The culture of sharptooth ‎catfish Clarias gariepinus in South Africa. A ‎report of the National Programme for Aquaculture. ‎Institute of Ichthyology.Pages 1-‎‎11.https://researchspace.csir.co.za/dspace/bitstream/handle/10204/4739/Hecht%20T1-‎‎1998.pdf?sequence=1‎
  8. Bustamante, G. J. D., Mariela, G. R., Martha, R. G., Araceli, ‎C. G. and Alejandro. A. R. (2016). Methodologies ‎for evaluation in teleost. International Journal of ‎Aquatic Science 7:95-106.http://www.journal-‎aquaticscience.com/article_70902.html
  9. Buyukhatipoglu, S. and Holtz. W. (2001). Sperm output in ‎rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) effect of age, ‎timing and frequency of stripping and presence of ‎female. Aquaculture 201:301-314. DOI: ‎‎10.1016/0044-8486(84)90044-9‎
  10. De-Graaf, G. and Janssen. J. (1996). Handbook on the ‎artificial reproduction and pond rearing of the ‎African catfish clarias gariepinus in sub-saharan ‎Africa,in A. G. J. Tacon and M. Page, editors. ‎Fisheries Technical Research Papers FAO, ‎Rome.Page 109. http://www.Inter.nl.net
  11. DeGraaf, G. J., Galemoni, F. and Banzoussi. B. (1995). The ‎artificial reproduction and fingerling production ‎of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus ‎‎(Burchell 1822) in protected and unprotected ‎ponds. Aquaculture Research 26:233-‎‎242.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-‎‎2109.1995.tb00908.x‎
  12. Dominic, O. O. and Abiodun. A. E. (2014). Semen quality of ‎spermatozoa mophology of Clarias gariepinus ‎broodstock fed two different feed ‎levels.Researcher Journal 6:28-‎‎33.http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher
  13. Eunice, I., Dolapo, O., Adejoke,A., and Oluwakemi, O. ‎‎(2017). Aspect of the reproductive biology of ‎Clarias gariepinus in Ogbese River. Research ‎Journal of Fisheries And Hydrobiology 12:7-‎‎20.http://www.aensiweb.com/JASA/‎
  14. Food and Agricultural Organisation (2000). FAO Fishery ‎Department Country Profile. Projected population ‎and fish demand/supply in Nigeria 1997 – 2025. ‎from FAO: ‎http://www.fao.org/fi/fep/en/NGA/body.htm ‎‎02/04/2019‎
  15. Fauvel, C., Suquet, M. and Cosson, J. (2010). Evaluation of ‎fish sperm quality. Journal of Applied Ichthyology ‎‎26:636-643.http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-‎‎0426.2010.01529.x‎
  16. Fishelson, J., Van Vuren,J. H. J. and Tyran, A. (1994). ‎Ontogenesis and ultrastructure of seminal vesicles ‎of catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Journal of ‎Morphology 219:59-‎‎71.https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052190108‎
  17. Gjerde, B. (1984). Variation in semen production of farmed ‎Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout. Aquaculture ‎‎40:109-114.https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-‎‎8486(84)90349-1‎
  18. Hafez, E. S. E. and Hafez. B. (2000). Reproduction in farm ‎animals.InB. Hafez and E. S. E. Hafez, editors. ‎appendix iv, USA, pp 481.‎
  19. Hamad, A. E. (2014). Morphometric characteristics of ‎Clarias gariepinus from Lake Nubia (Sudan). ‎International Journal of Advanced Research in ‎Biological Science 1:72-77.http://www.ijarbs.com
  20. Idahor, K. O., Yakubu, A., Umar, A. F. Yahaya, F. and ‎Musa L. A. (2014). Morphometric traits, ‎spermatozoa microscopy and stripped eggs ‎fertilized with milt collected from live African ‎mudfish (Clarias gariepinus). Livestock Research ‎for Rural Development26 (8): 5 – 8. ‎http://www.1rr26/8/idah26150.htm
  21. Mayom, I. and Mohammed. I. A. (2014). A decade of ‎assessment of Maiduguri urban expansion (2002-‎‎2012): Geospatial approach. Global Journal of ‎Human Science 14:1-‎‎10.https://globaljournals.org/GJHSS-Volume14/1-‎A-Decade-Assessmrnt-of-Maiduguri-Urban.pdf
  22. Megbowon, I., Fashima-Bombata, H. A., Akinwale, M. M., ‎Hammed, A. M., Okunade, O. A., and Mojekwu, T. ‎O. (2013). Breeding Performance of Clarias ‎Gariepinus Obtained from Nigerian Waters. ‎Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science ‎‎(IOSR-JAVS) 6:06-‎‎09.https://www.cenresinjournals.com/2913‎
  23. Nagahama, Y. (1983). The functional morphology of ‎teleost gonads. In Fish Physiology Hoar, W.S., ‎Randal, D.J. and Donaldson, E.M (editors),New ‎York, London.pg.223-265.‎
  24. Ofelia, G. O., Olaruwaju, I., Olawale, O., Praise, A., ‎Tijesunimu, O., Sunday, A. and Wasu. O. (2012). ‎Cryopreservation of the sperm of the African ‎catfish for the thriving aquaculture in Nigeria. InI. ‎Katkov, editor. Current frontiers in ‎cryopreservation. In Tech., Nigeria, Pages 305-332.‎
  25. Orlu, E. E. and Ogbalu, O. K. (2011). Effect of sublethal ‎concentration of Lepidagithis alopecuroides ‎‎(Vahl) on sperm quality, fertility and hatchability ‎in gravid Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) ‎broodstock. Research Journal of Environmental ‎Toxicology 5:117-124. DOI: ‎‎10.3923/rjet.2011.117.124‎
  26. Pauly, D. (1992). Growth performance in fishes: Rigorous ‎description of fish patten as a basis for ‎understanding general mechanisms. Aquabyte 4:3-‎‎6.https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12348/3110‎
  27. Qiant, X., Cui, Y., Xie, S., Lei, W., Zhu, X., Xiong, B. and Yang. ‎Y. (2002). Individual variation in growth, food ‎intake and activity in juvenile chinese sturgeon, ‎Acipensersinensisgray. Journal of Applied ‎Ichthyology 18:695-698.http://www.hinter.com.cn
  28. Rurangwa, E., Kime, D. E. Ollevier, F. and Nash, J. (2004). ‎The measurement of sperm quality and factors ‎affecting sperm quality in cultured fish. ‎Aquaculture 234:1-‎‎28.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.12.0‎‎06‎
  29. Saeed, H., Bagher, M. A. and Alireza, M. (2010). Fish milt ‎quality and major factor influencing the milt ‎quality parameters: A review. African Journal of ‎Biotechnology9:9148-‎‎9154.https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2010.000-3339‎
  30. Stockley, P., Gage,M. J. G., Parker,G. A. and Moller, A. P. ‎‎(1996). Female reproductive biology and ‎coevulation of ejaculte characteristics in fish. ‎Proceedings of the Royal Society of London ‎Series.Pages 451-458. ‎https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1996.0068‎
  31. Turan, C., Yalcin,S., Turan,F., Okur,E. and Akyurt.I. ‎‎(2005). Morphometric comparisims of African ‎catfish Clarias gariepinus in Turkey. Folia ‎Zoologica 54:165-‎‎172.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232‎‎066808‎
  32. Van den Hurk, R., Resink,J. W. and Peute,J. (1987). The ‎seminal vesicles of the African catfish Clarias ‎gariepinus. Cell and Tissue Research 247:573-‎‎582.https://doi.org/101007/BF00215751‎
  33. Van Oordt, P. G. W. J. and Goos, H. J. T. H. (1987). The ‎African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, a model for ‎the study of reproductive endocrinology inTeleosts. ‎Aquaculture 63:15-‎‎26.https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(87)90058-5‎
  34. Viveen, W. J. A. R., Richter, C. J. J., Van -Oordt, P. G. W., ‎Janssen, J. and Huisman, E. A. (1985). Practical ‎manual for the culture of the African catfish, ‎Clarias gariepinus. in"Section for Research and ‎Technology, Ministry for Development ‎Cooperation" Hague, T Ed., Ministry for ‎development coorperation, Netherlands.Page 128‎
  35. Viveiros, A. T. M., Komen, J. and So, N. (2000). Sperm ‎cryopreservation of African catfish, Clarias ‎gariepinus: cryoprotectants, freezing and ‎sperm:egg dilution ratio. Theriogenology 54:1395-‎‎1408. DOI: 10.1016/S0093-691X(00)00462-3‎
  36. Vuthiphandchai, V. and Zohar, Y. (2007). Age-related ‎sperm quality of captive striped bass morone ‎sexatilis. World Journal of Aquaculture 30:65-72. ‎DOI:10.1111/j.1749-7345.1999.tb00318.x‎
  37. Yasser, A. A., Nada,A. A., and Ahmed, Z. Z. (2013). ‎Morphological and histomorphological structure of ‎testes of the catfish Clarias gariepinus from ‎Egypt. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. ‎‎16:624 – 629. ‎http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjbs.2013.624.629‎
  38. Yusuf, B. and Ilker, Y. (2017). Effect of extender ‎composition, glycerol levels, and thawing rates on ‎motility and fertility of cryopreserved wild African ‎catfish (Clarias gariepinus) sperm. The Israeli ‎Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 6:1 – 7. ‎https://www.academia.edu/31309456‎
  39. Yusuf, O. Y., Adeshina,I. and Adewale, A. Y. (2015). ‎Comparative studies of some semen physical ‎characteristics of cultured and wild African catfish ‎‎(Clarais gariepinus) broodstock. Gashua Journal ‎of Irrigation and Desertification Studies 1:173-180. ‎https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3104641‎‎92‎
  40. Zakariah, M., Yahaya, A., Sonfada, M. L., and Wiam, I. ‎‎(2016). Male organ of African catfish (Clarias ‎gariepinus) in spawning and non-spawning period ‎in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. Sokoto Journal ‎of Veterinary Sciences 14:34 – 38. ‎http://dx.doi/10.4314/sokjvs.v14:1.6‎